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Related Concept Videos

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

145
Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...
145
NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction01:14

NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction

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When magnetic nuclei in a sample achieve resonance and undergo relaxation, the signal detected in NMR is an approximately exponential free induction decay. Fourier transform of an exponential decay yields a Lorentzian peak in the frequency domain. Lorentzian peaks in an NMR spectrum are defined by their amplitude, full width at half maximum, and position, where the peak width is governed by the spin-spin relaxation time alone. In real experiments, however, the applied magnetic field is rendered...
589
Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

146
Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy  (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used....
146
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

521
Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...
521
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab01:29

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab

123
AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

259
The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
259

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Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser
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A configurable two-tone electron spin resonance spectrometer.

Charles A Collett1, Sofia M Davvetas2, Abdulelah Alsuhaymi3

  • 1Department of Physics, Hamilton College, Clinton, New York 13323, USA.

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|December 26, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a flexible, broad-frequency Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) spectrometer built from readily available components. The novel system allows for simultaneous measurements at multiple frequencies, enhancing spin system characterization.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) is crucial for spin system analysis.
  • Commercial ESR spectrometers often lack flexibility and operate within limited frequency bands.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a versatile, broad-frequency ESR spectrometer using off-the-shelf components.
  • To enable ESR measurements outside standard frequency bands and at multiple frequencies simultaneously.

Main Methods:

  • Construction of an ESR spectrometer using commercial, off-the-shelf parts.
  • Integration of easily designed resonators for broad frequency range operation.
  • Control via a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) for modularity and reconfigurability.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated broad-frequency ESR capabilities, including operation outside standard bands.
  • Successful simultaneous ESR measurements at two frequencies separated by nearly 500 MHz.
  • Verified spectrometer performance using the molecular nanomagnet Cr7Mn.

Conclusions:

  • The developed spectrometer offers enhanced flexibility and broad frequency coverage compared to commercial instruments.
  • The FPGA-controlled, modular design allows for easy addition of new capabilities.
  • This versatile platform facilitates advanced ESR studies on spin systems like molecular nanomagnets.