Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2025

Author Spotlight: Advancements in Multiplex Detection of Respiratory Viruses
03:53

Author Spotlight: Advancements in Multiplex Detection of Respiratory Viruses

Published on: November 10, 2023

1.1K

Long COVID: Pathophysiology, current concepts, and future directions

Chrysanthi Skevaki1, Charalampos D Moschopoulos2, Paraskevi C Fragkou3

  • 1Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Molecular Diagnostics, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University of Giessen, Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen, Germany; European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) Study Group for Respiratory Viruses (ESGREV), Basel, Switzerland.

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|December 26, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Long COVID, a complex condition following SARS-CoV-2 infection, significantly impacts quality of life and healthcare systems. Understanding its pathophysiology through various mechanisms and biomarkers is crucial for developing effective treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Long COVID presents diverse symptoms post-SARS-CoV-2 infection, affecting patient quality of life and straining global healthcare resources.
  • The underlying mechanisms of Long COVID are not fully understood, necessitating further research into its complex nature.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the multifaceted pathophysiology of Long COVID.
  • To highlight ongoing research into potential biomarkers and therapeutic strategies for Long COVID.

Main Methods:

  • Review of proposed hypotheses for Long COVID mechanisms, including viral persistence, immune dysregulation, and autoimmunity.
  • Discussion of active investigations into biomarkers such as inflammatory mediators, immunophenotyping, and multiomics.

Main Results:

  • Several key areas are being investigated for Long COVID's evolution and complexity: SARS-CoV-2 persistence, organ damage, immune system perturbation, autoimmunity, latent virus reactivation, endothelial dysfunction, and microbiome disturbances.
  • Biomarker research is actively exploring inflammatory mediators, immunophenotyping, and multiomics to identify Long COVID endotypes.

Conclusions:

  • A comprehensive understanding of Long COVID's pathophysiology is essential for developing targeted therapeutics.
  • Continued research into biomarkers and mechanisms is critical for advancing Long COVID patient care and management.

Keywords:
COVID-19SARS-CoV-2endotypespathophysiologypersistencepostacute sequelae of COVID-19

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Role of Inflammation in the Co-occurrence of Primary Sjogren's Syndrome and Lung Adenocarcinoma10:21

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Role of Inflammation in the Co-occurrence of Primary Sjogren's Syndrome and Lung Adenocarcinoma

Published on: September 20, 2024

377
Live Imaging and Quantification of Viral Infection in K18 hACE2 Transgenic Mice Using Reporter-Expressing Recombinant SARS-CoV-208:41

Live Imaging and Quantification of Viral Infection in K18 hACE2 Transgenic Mice Using Reporter-Expressing Recombinant SARS-CoV-2

Published on: November 5, 2021

2.7K

Related Concept Videos

COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features01:20

COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of lung conditions that progressively worsen over time, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. This cluster of diseases collectively leads to a gradual and irreversible decline in lung function over time.
The primary cause for the onset of COPD is cigarette smoking and exposure to air pollution. These hazardous factors initiate a chain reaction within the lungs, resulting in chronic inflammation, damage to the airways, and a...
231
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
Chronic Inflammation
2.7K
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a long-lasting respiratory condition requiring continuous attention and care. It is a progressive lung disease that leads to breathing challenges due to airflow obstruction. It manifests as persistent respiratory symptoms and restricted airflow resulting from abnormalities in the airways and alveoli, usually due to long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases. COPD mainly consists of two primary conditions: emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
2.8K
Longitudinal Studies01:26

Longitudinal Studies

Longitudinal studies are also widely used in other medical and social science fields. For instance, in cardiovascular research, they can monitor patients' health over decades to identify risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol or smoking, and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of preventive measures. Similarly, in mental health studies, researchers might follow individuals from adolescence into adulthood to understand the development and progression of conditions like...
129
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.01:25

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.

Understanding the variety of primary symptoms and systemic complications that characterize chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is crucial for healthcare professionals.
Symptoms of COPD can be classified as primary or systemic. Primary symptoms relate to reduced airflow, while systemic or extrapulmonary symptoms relate to COPD's broader impact on the body.
Primary Symptoms of COPD:
2.7K
Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology01:29

Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of pneumonia involves the following steps:
214