[Translated article] Photoprotection Knowledge, Habits, and Attitudes Among Spanish and Italian Medical Students

Area of Science:

• Dermatology and Public Health
• Epidemiology of Skin Neoplasms

Background:

• Ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure is a primary risk factor for malignant skin neoplasms.
• Limited international data exists on sun-exposure habits and photoprotection awareness.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare photoprotection knowledge, habits, and attitudes among medical students in Italy and Spain.
• To identify differences in sun awareness and protective behaviors between two distinct European populations.

Main Methods:

• A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 215 medical students (114 Spanish, 101 Italian) from the University of Granada and the University of Rome.
• Data collected included perceptions of sun exposure risks, skin cancer causes, and photoprotection strategies.

Main Results:

• Spanish students more frequently identified the sun as the main cause of skin cancer (83.3% vs 61.4%) and self-monitored their skin more often (32.5% vs 9.9%).
• Information sources for photoprotection differed: Italians primarily received information from dermatologists (34.7%), while Spaniards cited their university (39.5%).
• Following dermatology studies, Spanish students reported increased sunscreen use (76.8% pre-study vs 88.1% post-study) and greater recognition of additional protective measures (44.9% vs 67.2%).

Conclusions:

• Significant differences exist in photoprotection awareness and behaviors between Spanish and Italian medical students.
• Educational interventions and public health campaigns should consider cultural and national variations in sun-exposure habits.
• Targeted strategies are needed to improve sun safety knowledge and practices globally, particularly concerning UV radiation risks.