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Yang Shi^1,2, Lixiang Wang¹, Lingling Li²

¹Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, PR China.

|December 27, 2024

Summary

Dark-field microscopy, utilizing localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), offers high signal-to-noise imaging for biomedical detection. This review highlights its innovative applications and combinations with other techniques for advanced clinical assays.

Keywords:

Bioassay Dark-field microscopy Localized surface plasmon resonance Scattering imaging Single particle

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Area of Science:

Biomedical engineering
Optical microscopy
Nanotechnology

Background:

Increasing demand for sensitive and rapid detection in biomedical applications.
Need for simultaneous analysis of single particles and population distributions in clinical testing.
Limitations of current technologies in capturing dynamic single-particle behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

To review innovative applications of dark-field microscopy in biomedical assays over the last five years.
To introduce the principles of dark-field microscopy and its role in localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR).
To explore the integration of dark-field microscopy with other analytical techniques.

Main Methods:

Review of recent scientific literature (past five years) on dark-field microscopy applications.
Focus on studies employing localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) for enhanced imaging.
Analysis of combined techniques such as surface-enhanced Raman scattering, fluorescence, and electrochemistry.

Main Results:

Dark-field microscopy provides high signal-to-noise ratio single-particle imaging, crucial for complex biological assays.
Innovative applications demonstrate its utility in diverse biomedical detection scenarios.
Integration with techniques like SERS and fluorescence significantly enhances detection capabilities.

Conclusions:

Dark-field microscopy is a powerful tool for advanced biomedical detection, addressing needs for both single-particle and population analysis.
Hybrid approaches combining dark-field microscopy with other methods promise further advancements in clinical assays.
Future trends include overcoming current challenges to broaden the scope and impact of this technique.