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Scientific imperialism and the American Equatorial Islands Colonization Project, 1935-1942.

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The American Equatorial Islands Colonization Project (AEICP) used scientific research as a cover for U.S. military and imperial expansion in the Pacific during the interwar years and World War II.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • History of Science
  • Pacific Studies
  • Military History

Background:

  • Between 1935 and 1942, indigenous Hawaiian men participated in the American Equatorial Islands Colonization Project (AEICP).
  • Colonists engaged in meteorological data collection, natural life observation, specimen collection, and island mapping.
  • Activities included constructing a landing strip on Howland Island for Amelia Earhart.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the scientific framework of the AEICP.
  • To analyze how scientific activities served as a pretext for U.S. military and imperial objectives.
  • To explore the AEICP as an example of hidden scientific labor during the interwar period, World War II, and the Cold War.

Main Methods:

  • Historical analysis of the American Equatorial Islands Colonization Project (AEICP).
  • Examination of scientific data collection and its purported vs. actual objectives.
  • Investigation into the classification of indigenous colonists as subjects of study.

Main Results:

  • The AEICP confirmed U.S. possession and military presence in the Pacific.
  • Project activities facilitated the establishment of South Pacific aviation routes, aiding WWII efforts.
  • Colonists were unaware of the project's larger military and imperial implications and were studied as 'types' and 'specimens'.

Conclusions:

  • The AEICP demonstrates the use of scientific endeavors as a facade for geopolitical and military expansion.
  • The project highlights the often-invisible labor within scientific initiatives during critical historical periods.
  • The study reveals a scientifically racist hierarchy embedded within the AEICP's operations.