Minimizing Oxidative Stress in Oral Surgery: A Comparative Study of Laser-Assisted and Conventional Third Molar...

Background/Objectives: This study aims to compare the effects of conventional surgical techniques and laser-assisted methods on salivary oxidative stress biomarkers following third molar extraction, in order to evaluate the potential benefits of laser surgery in reducing oxidative stress and promoting faster recovery. Methods: A total of 154 patients, aged 16-30, undergoing third molar extractions were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups: conventional surgery (n = 75) and laser-assisted surgery (n = 79). Saliva samples were collected at baseline, and 24, 48, 72, and 168 h postoperatively. The levels of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were measured as indicators of oxidative stress. Results: Initial biomarker levels were similar across all participants. Postoperative oxidative stress increased in both groups, with significantly higher levels in the conventional surgery group at 48 and 72 h. Salivary biomarkers of oxidative stress were significantly lower in the laser group at 48 and 72 h post-surgery (p < 0.05), indicating a faster recovery. By 168 h, biomarker levels in the laser group had nearly returned to baseline, whereas levels in the conventional group remained slightly elevated. Conclusions: Laser-assisted surgery significantly reduces oxidative stress and promotes faster recovery when compared with conventional methods, as evidenced by the more rapid normalization of salivary biomarkers. These findings suggest that laser techniques may offer superior clinical outcomes in third molar extractions.