Structural Design and Kinematic Modeling of Highly Biomimetic Flapping-Wing Aircraft with Perching Functionality

Area of Science:

• Robotics and Biomimetics
• Aerospace Engineering
• Bio-inspired Design

Background:

• Birds' ability to perch is crucial for energy conservation and situational awareness.
• Existing biomimetic flapping-wing aircraft lack perching functionality, limiting their operational capabilities.
• Replicating avian perching mechanisms in aircraft presents a significant engineering challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

• To design and develop a highly biomimetic flapping-wing aircraft capable of perching.
• To replicate bird claw and wing movements using bionic principles.
• To enable multi-modal motion capabilities, including flight and perching.

Main Methods:

• Developed a posture conversion module with a multi-motor hemispherical gear structure for flapping, twisting, and swinging motions.
• Integrated a perching module utilizing helical motion for retractable claws.
• Implemented a head and tail motion module with dual motors for flexible articulation.
• Established and verified kinematic models for key functional modules.

Main Results:

• The prototype successfully demonstrated all perching actions.
• The aircraft exhibited multi-modal motion capabilities, combining flight and perching.
• Kinematic models were validated for accuracy.
• The design provides a foundation for future dynamics modeling and control strategies.

Conclusions:

• The developed biomimetic aircraft successfully replicates avian perching mechanisms.
• The novel design enables advanced functionalities beyond simple flight, such as perching.
• This research lays the groundwork for more sophisticated bio-inspired aerial robots with enhanced operational versatility.