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Development of Novel Squid Gladius Biomaterials for Cornea Tissue Engineering
Ingrid Garzón1,2, Juan Muñoz-Hurtado1,2, Juan Pereira-Martínez1,2
1Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, E18016 Granada, Spain.
Marine Drugs
|December 27, 2024
Summary
Squid gladius biomaterials show promise for cornea tissue engineering, offering biocompatibility and suitable optical properties. These novel materials, derived from a fishing industry byproduct, meet key requirements for corneal regeneration applications.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Ophthalmology
- Tissue Engineering
Background:
- Cornea tissue engineering demands biomaterials with precise biocompatibility, biomechanical, and optical characteristics.
- The squid gladius (SG) is an abundant marine resource with potential as a biomaterial source.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate novel biomaterials derived from the squid gladius (SG) for cornea tissue engineering applications.
- To assess the biocompatibility, biomechanical properties, and optical characteristics of SG-derived biomaterials.
Main Methods:
- Generation of native SG (N-SG) and cellularized SG (C-SG) biomaterials.
- In vivo biocompatibility testing in laboratory animals.
- Assessment of cell attachment, growth, and marker expression (crystallin alpha).
- Biomechanical analysis (Young modulus, traction deformation) and optical property evaluation (diffuse transmittance and reflectance).
Main Results:
- Native SG (N-SG) demonstrated biocompatibility with a minor inflammatory response.
- Cellularized SG (C-SG) supported corneal epithelial cell attachment, growth, and crystallin alpha expression.
- N-SG exhibited higher Young modulus and lower deformation than native corneas (CTR); C-SG showed similar Young modulus to CTR.
- N-SG and C-SG displayed higher diffuse transmittance and lower diffuse reflectance compared to CTR.
Conclusions:
- Squid gladius-derived biomaterials are biocompatible and possess suitable biomechanical and optical properties for cornea tissue engineering.
- These marine-derived biomaterials, obtained as a fishing industry byproduct, represent a promising alternative for regenerative medicine applications in ophthalmology.
