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Retrospective Study on Short-Term Reverse Cardiac Remodeling in Obese Patients Undergoing Sleeve Gastrectomy
Carmine Izzo1, Valeria Visco1, Alessandra Cirillo1
1Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Salerno, Italy.
Insights
Bariatric surgery significantly improves cardiac structure and function in severe obesity. This weight loss intervention led to reduced ventricular remodeling and diastolic dysfunction in patients 12 weeks post-operation.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Metabolic Surgery
- Obesity Medicine
Background:
- Severe obesity is linked to increased cardiovascular disease risk and cardiac alterations.
- Obesity impacts cardiac structure and function, necessitating interventions like bariatric surgery.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess cardiovascular risk factors and ventricular remodeling in patients undergoing bariatric surgery.
- To evaluate changes in anthropometric, clinical, and echocardiographic parameters 12 weeks post-surgery.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective observational cohort study at a specialized bariatric surgery center.
- Inclusion of 35 patients with severe obesity (BMI 43.4 ± 6.6 kg/m²).
- Baseline and 12-week post-surgery assessments of clinical and echocardiographic data.
Main Results:
- Pre-surgery: 57% showed concentric left ventricular remodeling, 14% had grade I diastolic dysfunction.
- Post-surgery (12 weeks): Average weight loss of 25 kg and BMI reduction of 8.5 kg/m².
- Significant improvements observed in cardiac structure and function post-bariatric surgery.
Conclusions:
- Bariatric surgery positively impacts cardiac function and structure.
- Significant weight loss following bariatric surgery is a key driver of cardiovascular improvements.
- Early postoperative changes suggest a beneficial role of bariatric surgery in managing obesity-related cardiac conditions.
Abstract:
Severe obesity is closely associated with an increased risk of comorbidities and alterations in cardiac structure and function. The primary objective of this study was to investigate cardiovascular (CV) risk factors and ventricular remodeling in individuals from an obese population eligible for bariatric surgery. The secondary objective was to evaluate changes in anthropometric, clinical laboratory, and echocardiographic measurements 12 weeks after surgery compared to baseline values. This retrospective observational cohort study involved patients from a single specialized bariatric surgery center. A total of 35 patients were included (mean age 41.5 ± 10.3 years; BMI 43.4 ± 6.6 kg/m2), of whom 34.2% had a family history of coronary artery disease (CAD), 5.7% had a prior history of CAD, 8 had essential hypertension, 11.4% had dyslipidemia, 20% were smokers, and 8.6% were former smokers. Approximately 57% of the patients exhibited concentric left ventricular remodeling, and 14% had grade I diastolic dysfunction. At 12 weeks post-surgery, with an average weight loss of 25 kg and a mean BMI reduction of 8.5 kg/m2, 14% of the patients still exhibited concentric left ventricular remodeling, and about 11% had grade I diastolic dysfunction. Bariatric surgery contributes to the improvement of cardiac function and structure over time as a result of significant weight loss.
