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Handwashing I: Introduction and Types of Equipment01:18

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Splash Basins in the Operating Room: Clean or Contaminated? A Study on Bacterial Contamination in Splash Basins Used

Karoline Stavang Michalsen1, Linda Helen Helgeland2, Grethe Myklestul Dåvøy3

  • 1Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway.

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|December 27, 2024
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Summary

Splash basins used during surgery can become contaminated with bacteria, posing a risk to patient safety. This study found bacterial growth in 44% of samples, recommending against their use with sterile water.

Keywords:
contaminationnursingoperating roomsplash basinsurgical instrumentssurgical site infectionventilation systems

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Area of Science:

  • Surgical Safety
  • Infection Prevention
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Operating room nurses play a vital role in preventing postoperative infections and ensuring patient safety.
  • The use of splash basins for instrument rinsing during surgery is common in some hospitals, despite documented risks of bacterial contamination.
  • Previous research highlights the need for further investigation into surgical teams' practices regarding splash basin usage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate bacterial contamination within surgical splash basins.
  • To identify potential variables influencing splash basin contamination during operations.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective observational pilot study was conducted.
  • Water samples from splash basins during thoracic and neurosurgical procedures were collected, cultivated, and analyzed.
  • Observed variables included ventilation systems, surgery duration, instrument count, personnel presence, and door opening frequency.

Main Results:

  • Bacterial growth was detected in 44% of analyzed water samples.
  • Contamination rates were 41% in thoracic surgery (unidirectional airflow) and 47% in neurosurgery (conventional ventilation).
  • No significant correlation was found between bacterial growth and ventilation type, surgery length, instrument load, personnel number, or door openings.

Conclusions:

  • Surgical splash basins are susceptible to bacterial contamination during operative procedures.
  • The use of splash basins with sterile water is not advisable due to contamination risks.
  • Further research is required to establish evidence-based practices for perioperative instrument rinsing.