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Related Concept Videos

Barrett Esophagus-I: Introduction01:21

Barrett Esophagus-I: Introduction

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Barrett's esophagus is a medical condition where the esophageal mucosa is significantly damaged by stomach acid or other digestive fluids, often due to long-term exposure associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). In GERD, a weakened or abnormally relaxed lower esophageal sphincter allows stomach acid to flow persistently into the esophagus.
This constant acid exposure transforms the esophagus's pink mucosal lining (stratified squamous epithelium) into a type of lining more...
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Other Disorders of Digestive System01:30

Other Disorders of Digestive System

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The gastrointestinal tract is susceptible to various disorders. If the lower esophageal sphincter is damaged, stomach acid can flow back into the esophagus, causing irritation and inflammation of the lining. This condition is called gastroesophageal reflux disease (known as heartburn) and may cause chest pain and difficulty swallowing. In the stomach, prolonged use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like aspirin, chronic alcohol consumption, bacterial infections such as Helicobacter...
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Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction01:30

Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction

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Esophageal strictures involve abnormal narrowing or tightening of the esophagus. They vary in length and severity, ranging from mild constriction to complete obstruction, and are classified as benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous).
Etiology
The primary cause of esophageal strictures is long-standing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), accounting for about 70 to 80% of adult cases. Chronic acid reflux can lead to injury and scarring of the esophageal lining, culminating in...
65
Barrett Esophagus-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:21

Barrett Esophagus-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

103
Individuals with Barrett's esophagus are often asymptomatic, but they may experience symptoms commonly associated with GERD, such as heartburn and acid regurgitation. Additional symptoms can include difficulty swallowing, chest pain, unintentional weight loss, blood in the stool (which may appear black, tarry, or bloody), and episodes of vomiting.
To diagnose Barrett's esophagus, healthcare providers often recommend an endoscopy for those showing symptoms of acid reflux. The procedure...
103
Gastritis-I: Introduction and Types01:27

Gastritis-I: Introduction and Types

269
Gastritis, defined by the inflammation or irritation of the stomach lining or gastric mucosa, manifests in several distinct forms: acute, chronic, reactive, and a specific subtype known as autoimmune metaplastic atrophic gastritis.
Acute gastritis presents as a sudden inflammation triggered by various stressors to the stomach lining, such as exposure to corrosive agents, local irritants like aspirin and other NSAIDs, alcohol consumption, radiation therapy, physical trauma, severe burns, sepsis,...
269
Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology01:17

Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology

242
Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
Gastritis can stem from various causes, each...
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Lymphocytic Esophagitis: A Histologic Pattern of Various Underlying Disorders.

Maan El Halabi1, Carla Saoud2, Selim M Nasser3

  • 1Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA.

Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology
|December 27, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Lymphocytic esophagitis (LyE) is a rare histologic finding without distinct clinical features. This study found LyE is a nonspecific pattern, not a defined clinicopathologic entity.

Keywords:
esophageal spongiosisintraepithelial lymphocyteslymphocytic esophagitis

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Histopathology
  • Esophageal Diseases

Background:

  • Lymphocytic esophagitis (LyE) is a rare condition with inconsistent diagnostic criteria and clinical significance.
  • Established clinical associations are lacking, with the exception of Crohn's disease in pediatric patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if patients with LyE exhibit unique demographic or clinical characteristics compared to those with increased intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) in esophageal biopsies.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective review of esophageal biopsies from 2008 to 2023 was performed.
  • Cases with increased IEL were identified, and their clinical, demographic, and endoscopic features were compared to LyE cases after excluding specific disorders.

Main Results:

  • Out of 381 cases with increased IEL, 15 met the criteria for LyE.
  • No distinct demographic, endoscopic, or associated morbidity differences were observed in LyE patients.
  • A gradual increase in esophageal IEL did not correlate with demographic, endoscopic, or clinicopathologic variations.

Conclusions:

  • Lymphocytic esophagitis appears to be a nonspecific histologic pattern associated with various esophageal disorders, rather than a distinct clinicopathologic entity.
  • Future research should focus on identifying the underlying causes of this pattern instead of defining LyE as a singular entity.