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Perceived Riskiness and Problem Gambling Across Different Forms of Gambling: A Focus on 'Soft' Gambling
David Fiedor1, Miroslav Charvát2, Filip Kovařík3
1Department of Geography, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
Journal of Gambling Studies
|December 28, 2024
Summary
This study classifies gambling forms by perceived risk, finding that higher-risk gambling is linked to more problem gambling. Recent gambling activity also increases the risk of developing gambling problems.
Area of Science:
- Social Sciences
- Psychology
- Public Health
Background:
- Gambling activities vary in structural characteristics, influencing their risk potential.
- Existing literature lacks consensus on the precise risk levels associated with specific gambling forms.
- Public perception of riskiness can be a valuable tool for categorizing gambling activities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To classify less risky gambling forms (soft forms) based on public perceptions.
- To investigate the relationship between gambling experience and problem gambling prevalence.
- To develop a typology of gambling forms based on perceived risk similarities.
Main Methods:
- A survey was conducted in the Czech Republic with 2,498 respondents.
- A typology of gambling forms (lotteries, betting, casino games) was created using perceived risk.
- Analysis examined participation rates and problem gambling prevalence across different gambling forms and timeframes.
Main Results:
- Lotteries are the most frequently played gambling form (86.3% lifetime participation).
- Women show higher participation in lottery-type forms than men, especially over a lifetime.
- Gambling forms perceived as riskier had lower proportions of non-problem gamblers.
- Recent gambling (past month/year) correlated with higher risk of developing gambling problems.
Conclusions:
- Perceived risk is a significant factor in understanding gambling behavior and problem gambling.
- Lotteries, despite high participation, may represent a 'softer' form of gambling compared to betting or casino games.
- Recent engagement in any form of gambling increases vulnerability to problem gambling.
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