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Phonetic identification by elderly normal and hearing-impaired listeners.

M F Dorman, K Marton, M T Hannley

    The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
    |February 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    Elderly hearing-impaired listeners process stimulus duration normally but struggle with phonetic identification tasks relying on dynamic spectral cues. This suggests difficulties in processing changing sound information contribute to speech perception errors.

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    Area of Science:

    • Audiology
    • Speech Science
    • Gerontology

    Background:

    • Hearing impairment in the elderly can affect speech perception.
    • Understanding the specific auditory processing deficits is crucial for intervention.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate phonetic identification abilities in elderly hearing-impaired listeners.
    • To compare their performance with young and elderly normal-hearing listeners.
    • To identify factors contributing to speech perception errors in aging hearing-impaired individuals.

    Main Methods:

    • Phonetic identification tasks were administered to three groups: young normal-hearing, elderly normal-hearing, and elderly hearing-impaired listeners.
    • Tasks varied in the type of acoustic cue used for identification (e.g., stimulus duration, dynamic spectral information).

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    Main Results:

    • Elderly hearing-impaired listeners showed normal performance when vowel identity was cued by stimulus duration.
    • Performance was also normal on tasks with multiple cues for vowel identity.
    • Both elderly hearing-impaired and elderly normal-hearing listeners exhibited abnormal performance on a /b d g/ identification task varying second formant starting frequency.

    Conclusions:

    • Phonetic identification errors in elderly hearing-impaired listeners are not due to abnormalities in processing stimulus duration.
    • Difficulties in utilizing dynamic spectral information may underlie speech perception deficits in this population.
    • Age-related changes in auditory processing, even in normal-hearing individuals, can impact perception of dynamic acoustic cues.