Neurodevelopmental impairment in children with Robin sequence: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Neurology
• Developmental Pediatrics
• Genetics

Background:

• Robin sequence (RS) is a congenital condition affecting craniofacial development.
• Neurodevelopmental outcomes in children with RS require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To estimate the global prevalence of neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) in children with RS aged one year or older.
• To analyze NDI prevalence across different RS classifications.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review and random-effects meta-analysis of 17 studies (1008 children).
• Searched major electronic databases from inception to May 2024.
• Subgroup analyses for isolated, syndromic, and RS plus categories.

Main Results:

• Overall NDI prevalence in children with RS was 19% (95% CI: 12-26%).
• Prevalence varied by RS type: isolated RS (10%), syndromic RS (19%), and RS plus (63%).
• Non-isolated RS (syndromic and RS plus) showed a 35% NDI prevalence.

Conclusions:

• Children with RS face a substantial risk of NDI.
• Long-term neurodevelopmental follow-up is crucial for all children with RS.
• Findings aid clinical counseling, resource allocation, and future research.