Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 5, 2026
Four-Dimensional CT Analysis Using Sequential 3D-3D Registration
Published on: November 23, 2019
Sex determination method using the third cervical vertebral body by head and neck CT
Akihiro Ochiai1, Atsushi Iwawaki1, Yusei Otaka2
1Division of Forensic Odontology, Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Sciences, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Saitama, Japan.
Objectives:
This study aimed to measure the volume of the third cervical vertebra using head and neck multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) and establish a sex determination model based on sex differences in volume.
Methods:
Head and neck CT images of 85 patients were obtained for dental diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) data obtained from head and neck CT were constructed using a three-dimensional image analysis software. A region of interest was created that included the entire third cervical vertebra and its volume was measured. Descriptive statistics were calculated for the measurements, and the means, standard deviations, and medians of the measurements were calculated separately for men and women. To create a sex determination model, binomial logistic regression analysis was performed using the training data group, with vertebral volume and sex as the explanatory and objective variables, respectively.
Results:
The mean score of men was significantly higher than that of women. The sex determination model using the volume of the third cervical vertebral body resulted in an 80% correct sex classification rate.
Conclusion:
The sex determination model can be used with other regional methods to aid sex determination.
Related Concept Videos
01:10Computed Tomography
The technique was invented in the 1970s and is based on the principle that as X-rays pass through the body, they are absorbed or reflected at different levels. In the technique, a patient lies on a motorized platform while a computerized axial tomography (CAT) scanner rotates...
01:14Imaging Studies I: CT and MRI
Description of the Procedures
Computed Tomography (CT) scan:
Computed Tomography (CT) scans use X-ray technology to generate detailed images of bones, organs, and tissues. During the scan, the patient lies on a moving table...
01:27Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography