Incidence of Proteinuria Post Radical Nephrectomy in Comparison to Partial Nephrectomy: A Comparative Study

Area of Science:

• Nephrology
• Urology
• Surgical Outcomes

Background:

• Proteinuria is a key indicator of kidney health post-nephrectomy.
• Understanding its incidence and impact is crucial for clinical decision-making and optimizing patient care.
• Comparing outcomes between radical and partial nephrectomy can refine post-operative monitoring strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the incidence and impact of proteinuria following nephrectomy.
• To compare proteinuria rates and kidney function decline between radical and partial nephrectomy.
• To identify factors influencing post-nephrectomy outcomes and mortality risk.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective cohort study analyzing data from 310 patients undergoing radical or partial nephrectomy.
• Data collected between 2014 and 2022 at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh.
• Statistical analysis using IBM SPSS Statistics to compare outcomes.

Main Results:

• Radical nephrectomy (60.6%) was more common than partial nephrectomy (31.9%).
• Postoperative proteinuria was significantly higher in radical nephrectomy patients (107.10 mg/dL) vs. partial (62.80 mg/dL) (p=0.031).
• Radical nephrectomy showed a greater decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) post-surgery compared to partial nephrectomy (p<0.001).
• Lower preoperative eGFR was significantly associated with increased mortality risk (p=0.008).

Conclusions:

• Radical nephrectomy is associated with increased proteinuria and a more significant decline in kidney function compared to partial nephrectomy.
• Preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate is a critical predictor of mortality risk after nephrectomy.
• Close monitoring of kidney function and proteinuria is essential for patients undergoing nephrectomy, especially those with pre-existing renal impairment.