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Transgender in Detention: Victimization Experiences in Immigration Facilities
Guadalupe Marquez-Velarde1, Gabe H Miller2,3, Beatriz Aldana Marquez4
1Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA.
Purpose:
In this article, we describe and illustrate the victimization experiences of transgender immigrants in the U.S. detention system.
Methods:
We use two sources of data, (1) the 2015 U.S. Transgender Survey and (2) Immigration and Customs Enforcement government contracts and audit documentation, to gain a greater understanding of the experiences of transgender detainees in these facilities.
Results:
By connecting what is evidenced in these two data sources, we observe a systemic pattern of victimization that includes physical and sexual assault, long-term solitary confinement, as well as the denial of lifesaving gender-affirming services.
Conclusion:
Immigrant detention centers are often mismanaged entities in which the well-being of detainees is hardly procured. The conditions are even more precarious and downright dangerous for transgender detainees. We conclude by recommending stringent penalties to facilities that endanger the well-being of detainees as well as an overall reform of the immigration system.
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