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Animacy processing by distributed and interconnected networks in the temporal cortex of monkeys.

Rizal Ichwansyah^1,2, Keigo Onda^1,2, Jun Egawa²

¹Department of Neurophysiology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan.

Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience

|December 30, 2024

Summary

Animacy perception relies on distributed brain networks, particularly in the temporal cortex (TC). This study reveals frequency-specific functional connectivity between the inferior temporal cortex (ITC) and superior temporal sulcus (STS) during animacy processing.

Keywords:

animacy categorization electrocorticography granger causality inferior temporal cortex prefrontal cortex superior temporal sulcus

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Science
Computational Neuroscience

Background:

Animacy perception is vital for survival and social interaction, involving interpretation of movement, intention, and purpose.
Key brain regions like the temporal cortex (TC) and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) are implicated, but dynamic encoding and network organization remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the dynamic temporal encoding of animacy processing.
To determine if animacy processing is distributed or localized across brain regions.
To explore the functional network connectivity underlying animacy perception.

Main Methods:

A symbolic categorization task with natural movie stimuli was used.
Electrocorticography (ECoG) was performed on the TC and dmPFC.
Time-frequency analysis, spatial searchlight decoding, independent component analysis, and Granger causality analysis were employed.

Main Results:

Region-specific frequency representations were observed in the TC and dmPFC.
Animacy information was found to be distributed across the superior temporal sulcus (STS) and inferior temporal cortex (ITC).
Frequency-specific directional functional connectivity was identified, with a notable feedback from ITC to STS in the alpha band.

Conclusions:

Animacy processing is supported by a distributed neural substrate across the STS and ITC.
These regions form a functionally interconnected network with frequency-specific directional connectivity.
The findings elucidate the dynamic and network-based nature of animacy perception.