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Metabolomic Profiling Reveals Biomarkers in Coronary Heart Disease Comorbidity
Chunmei Geng1, Benhui Liang2, Zihan Kong3
1Department of Pharmacy, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
Insights
This study reveals key metabolic changes in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and its common comorbidities like hypertension and diabetes. Understanding these metabolic alterations offers new insights into disease mechanisms.
Area of Science:
- Metabolomics
- Cardiovascular Research
- Comorbidity Studies
Background:
- Coronary heart disease (CHD) frequently co-occurs with hypertension (HTN), depression (Dep), and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
- These comorbidities exacerbate patient conditions and worsen prognosis.
- Systematic metabolomic studies on CHD comorbidities are lacking.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a comprehensive metabolomic evaluation of CHD comorbidities.
- To identify specific metabolic alterations associated with CHD and its common co-occurring conditions.
Main Methods:
- Recruited 169 healthy subjects and 450 patients with CHD and its comorbidities (HTN, Dep, T2DM).
- Utilized gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for metabolite profiling.
- Employed multivariate statistical analysis to identify differentially expressed metabolites.
Main Results:
- Identified 9 metabolites differentiating healthy from CHD groups.
- Detected 16, 14, and 10 metabolites differentiating CHD with HTN, Dep, and T2DM groups, respectively.
- Found significant alterations in six metabolic pathways, including the citrate cycle and glycolysis.
Conclusions:
- Systematically elucidated metabolic changes underlying CHD comorbidities.
- Provided novel insights into the mechanisms driving these complex metabolic alterations.
- Highlighted the importance of metabolomics in understanding multifactorial cardiovascular diseases.
Abstract:
Background and Aims: Coronary heart disease (CHD), hypertension (HTN), depression (Dep), and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are often comorbid, resulting in an exacerbated patient condition and worsened prognosis. A lack of systematic metabolomic studies on comorbidities of CHD remains. Therefore, comprehensive metabolomic-based evaluation of comorbidities of CHD is necessary. Methods and Results: In the current study, 169 healthy subjects, 149 CHD subjects, 107 CHD + HTN subjects, 126 CHD + Dep subjects, and 58 CHD + T2DM subjects were recruited. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used for metabolite determination, and multivariate statistical analysis was conducted to identify metabolites that are differentially expressed with the comorbidities of CHD. There were 9, 16, 14, and 10 metabolites identified in the healthy and CHD group, the CHD and CHD + HTN group, the CHD and CHD + Dep group, and the CHD and CHD + T2DM group, respectively. Six metabolic pathways were affected, involving starch and sucrose metabolism; fructose and mannose metabolism; citrate cycle; alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism; fatty acid biosynthesis; and glycolysis. Conclusion: Our study has systematically elucidated the metabolic changes underlying the comorbidities of CHD, thereby providing insight into the mechanisms associated with these alterations.
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