Sinonasal Leiomyoma: A Case Report and a Review of the Literature

Sinonasal leiomyoma is an exceptionally rare neoplasm arising from smooth muscle cells within the sinonasal tract. This abstract presents a case study of a 43-year-old male patient diagnosed with sinonasal leiomyoma, a distinctive and challenging entity in otolaryngology. The patient presented with a complex clinical history, including a 2-year interval between initial evaluation and definitive diagnosis. Initial histology suggested a smooth muscle tumour of uncertain malignant potential, highlighting the diagnostic intricacies associated with this condition. The radiological assessment revealed an extensive soft tissue mass with the involvement of multiple adjacent structures. The patient subsequently underwent surgical resection, leading to a revised histological diagnosis of leiomyoma. This case underscores the diagnostic challenges associated with sinonasal leiomyoma, emphasising the importance of comprehensive evaluation, including clinical history, radiological imaging, and histopathological examination. Long-term follow-up is essential for monitoring potential recurrences and optimising patient outcomes. By presenting this rare case, we aim to contribute to the limited body of literature on sinonasal leiomyoma and highlight the complexities surrounding its diagnosis and management in clinical practice.