Acute Appendicitis Due to Enterobius vermicularis Infestation: A Case Report

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Parasitology
• Surgical Pathology

Background:

• Acute appendicitis is a common surgical emergency, frequently caused by fecaliths or lymphoid hyperplasia.
• Parasitic infections, though rare, are significant contributors to appendiceal inflammation.
• Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm) is the most prevalent helminth in developed nations and can induce appendicitis via mechanical or immune pathways.

Observation:

• A 16-year-old male presented with symptoms consistent with acute appendicitis.
• Laparoscopic appendectomy was performed, revealing Enterobius vermicularis infestation.
• Histopathological examination confirmed the parasitic etiology of the appendicitis.

Findings:

• Enterobius vermicularis infestation was identified as the cause of acute appendicitis in this patient.
• Surgical removal of the appendix and anti-helminthic treatment led to an uncomplicated recovery.
• Parasitic involvement, specifically E. vermicularis, can play a pathogenic role in appendicitis.

Implications:

• This case emphasizes the need to consider parasitic infections, such as E. vermicularis, in the differential diagnosis of appendicitis, especially in atypical presentations.
• Histopathological analysis of appendectomy specimens is crucial for identifying incidental or causative parasitic findings.
• Early diagnosis and treatment of parasitic appendicitis can prevent complications and ensure favorable patient outcomes.