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Association Between Serum Trace Elements Level and Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Ruiying Wu1,2,3,4, Yuanwen Li4, Hongye Peng1
1School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology
|December 31, 2024
Summary
Alopecia areata (AA) is linked to lower serum vitamin D and zinc levels. Supplementation with these micronutrients may offer a potential treatment strategy for individuals with AA.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Nutritional Science
- Autoimmune Disorders
Background:
- Alopecia areata (AA) is a common autoimmune skin condition affecting 0.5%-2% of the global population.
- Emerging research highlights the significant role of micronutrients in the development and progression of AA.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically evaluate the association between serum trace element levels and alopecia areata.
- To synthesize existing evidence on the relationship between specific micronutrients and AA risk.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases up to May 12, 2024.
- Eligible studies were independently screened by two researchers.
- Meta-analysis was performed using random-effects or fixed-effects models based on heterogeneity analysis (I² statistic).
Main Results:
- Analysis of 34 studies involving 4931 participants revealed significantly lower serum vitamin D and zinc levels in patients with AA compared to healthy controls.
- Vitamin D deficiency was strongly associated with an increased risk of developing AA (OR = 2.48).
- No significant difference in serum copper levels was observed between AA patients and controls.
Conclusions:
- Serum vitamin D and zinc levels are demonstrably associated with the risk of alopecia areata.
- Vitamin D and zinc supplementation presents a promising therapeutic avenue for managing AA.
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