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Bone Remodeling

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Inflammation and mechanical force-induced bone remodeling.

Hyeran Helen Jeon1, Xin Huang2,3,4, Leticia Rojas Cortez4

  • 1Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.

Periodontology 2000
|December 31, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Periodontitis and orthodontic tooth movement both involve bone remodeling driven by inflammation and mechanical forces. Understanding cellular roles in these processes offers insights into combined conditions like periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics.

Keywords:
fibroblastimmune cellsmesenchymalneutrophilorthodontic tooth movementosteoclastperiodontal diseaseperiodontal ligamentscRNA‐seq

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Area of Science:

  • Oral biology
  • Immunology
  • Orthodontics

Background:

  • Periodontitis results from dysbiosis and inflammation, causing alveolar bone and connective tissue loss.
  • Orthodontic tooth movement involves bone resorption and formation driven by mechanical forces.
  • Both conditions impact host cells, influencing bone remodeling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review cell types and interactions in inflammation- and mechanical force-driven bone remodeling.
  • To explore the combined effects of periodontal disease and orthodontic treatment on bone remodeling.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on cellular mechanisms in bone remodeling.
  • Analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing data for cell-type specific insights.
  • Examination of host-microbe interactions and mechanical stimuli.

Main Results:

  • Key cell types (keratinocytes, leukocytes, stromal cells, osteocytes, osteoblasts, osteoclasts) play crucial roles.
  • Inflammation and mechanical forces differentially regulate bone remodeling pathways.
  • Combined conditions present unique cellular and molecular challenges.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding cellular responses is vital for managing periodontitis and orthodontic treatment.
  • Further research into combined inflammatory and mechanical stimuli is warranted.
  • This review provides a framework for investigating periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics.