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Thrombosis in Children: A Retrospective Study from a Single-center Database

Cristian Sava1,2, Alin Iuhas3,2, Andreea Balmoș1,2

  • 1Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania.

In Vivo (Athens, Greece)
|December 31, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric thrombotic events are increasingly recognized, with venous thromboembolism being most common. Improved awareness and diagnostic approaches are crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment of pediatric thrombosis.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Hematology
  • Thrombosis Research
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Pediatric thrombotic events are increasingly identified due to advanced diagnostics.
  • These events are less common than in adults and often linked to risk factors.
  • Challenges in diagnosis exist, especially in smaller medical centers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish epidemiological data on pediatric thrombotic events in Bihor County, Romania.
  • To highlight diagnostic challenges in pediatric thrombosis.
  • To propose a diagnostic and treatment algorithm for pediatric thrombotic events.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study over 22 years.
  • Involved 39 pediatric patients diagnosed with thrombotic events.
  • Data collected from electronic medical records at a regional hospital.

Main Results:

  • Most diagnoses (82.1%) occurred between 2013-2024.
  • Two age peaks: newborns and adolescents.
  • Venous thromboembolism (53.8%) was most common, followed by arterial (41%).
  • Cerebral thrombosis was most frequent, followed by limb events.
  • Inherited thrombophilia (antithrombin, protein S, C deficiencies) and acquired factors (malignancy) were identified.
  • PAI-1 4G/5G was the most common genetic variant.

Conclusions:

  • Recognition of pediatric thromboembolism has risen significantly over two decades.
  • Underdiagnosis remains a concern.
  • Enhanced healthcare professional awareness is vital for unprovoked thrombosis cases.
  • Multidisciplinary team involvement and thrombophilia panel testing are recommended.
Abstract

Keywords:
Thrombosis in childrendiagnosis of thrombosispulmonary thromboembolismstrokethrombophiliatreatment of thrombosisvenous thromboembolism

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