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Patient-Reported Outcomes of Bicruciate Multiligament Versus Single Cruciate Multiligament Knee Injuries.

Ingrid Trøan1, Tone Bere1, Inger Holm2

  • 1Orthopaedic Division, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.

The American Journal of Sports Medicine
|January 1, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Surgical treatment of multiligament knee injuries (MLKIs) shows better outcomes for single cruciate injuries compared to bicruciate injuries. Patient age and injury severity also impact recovery after MLKI surgery.

Keywords:
bicruciate ligamentmultiligament knee injurysingle cruciate ligamentsubjective outcome measure

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Sports Medicine
  • Trauma Surgery

Background:

  • Multiligament knee injuries (MLKIs) are complex and often categorized broadly, potentially masking differences in outcomes between injury types.
  • Bicruciate MLKIs represent a severe subset of these injuries, yet current literature often groups them with single cruciate MLKIs when reporting results.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare patient-reported outcomes following surgical treatment of single cruciate MLKIs versus bicruciate MLKIs.
  • To identify factors influencing patient outcomes after MLKI surgery.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional cohort study included 124 patients surgically treated for MLKI between 2013 and 2020.
  • Patient-reported outcomes were assessed using Tegner, Lysholm, IKDC, KOOS (including KOOS4), and visual analog scale for pain.

Main Results:

  • Patients with single cruciate MLKIs reported significantly higher scores across multiple outcome measures (IKDC, Lysholm, KOOS subscales, Tegner, VAS pain) compared to bicruciate MLKIs.
  • Older age and increased injury severity were associated with lower patient-reported outcomes (IKDC, Lysholm, KOOS4).

Conclusions:

  • Surgical treatment of single cruciate MLKIs yields superior patient-reported outcomes compared to bicruciate MLKIs.
  • Age and injury severity are significant predictors of outcomes in MLKI patients.
  • While dislocated knees had poorer outcomes, no significant difference was found between bicruciate MLKIs and dislocated knees in this study.