An all integer-based spiking neural network with dynamic threshold adaptation

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are typically regards as the third generation of neural networks due to their inherent event-driven computing capabilities and remarkable energy efficiency. However, training an SNN that possesses fast inference speed and comparable accuracy to modern artificial neural networks (ANNs) remains a considerable challenge. In this article, a sophisticated SNN modeling algorithm incorporating a novel dynamic threshold adaptation mechanism is proposed. It aims to eliminate the spiking synchronization error commonly occurred in many traditional ANN2SNN conversion works. Additionally, all variables in the proposed SNNs, including the membrane potential, threshold and synaptic weights, are quantized to integers, making them highly compatible with hardware implementation. Experimental results indicate that the proposed spiking LeNet and VGG-Net achieve accuracies exceeding 99.45% and 93.15% on the MNIST and CIFAR-10 datasets, respectively, with only 4 and 8 time steps required for simulating one sample. Due to this all integer-based quantization process, the required computational operations are significantly reduced, potentially providing a substantial energy efficiency advantage for numerous edge computing applications.