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Economic uncertainty impacts corporate climate change disclosures differently before and after the Paris Agreement. Post-2015, uncertainty increases climate exposure, driven by opportunities and regulations.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Economics
  • Corporate Finance
  • Climate Change Policy

Background:

  • Economic uncertainty significantly influences corporate behavior and strategic decisions.
  • Understanding firms' climate change exposure is crucial for sustainable finance and policy-making.
  • The Paris Agreement marked a significant shift in global climate policy and corporate accountability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the evolving relationship between economic uncertainty and firms' climate change exposure.
  • To analyze how the Paris Agreement influenced this relationship.
  • To identify factors moderating the impact of economic uncertainty on climate disclosures.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a novel firm-level climate change exposure measure (Sautner et al., 2023b).
  • Analyzed an extensive dataset of firms across 24 countries from 2002-2021.
  • Employed robust statistical methods, including alternative definitions and control variables.

Main Results:

  • Before 2015, economic uncertainty decreased climate disclosures; post-Paris Agreement, it increased climate change exposure.
  • This post-2015 effect is driven by climate-related opportunities and regulatory exposures.
  • Institutional and foreign ownership moderate this association; country-level environmental factors also play a role.

Conclusions:

  • The Paris Agreement fundamentally altered how economic uncertainty affects corporate climate change exposure.
  • Firms in countries with strong environmental policies and performance exhibit higher exposure during uncertain economic times.
  • Findings offer insights for policymakers and investors navigating climate risks and opportunities.