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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Scientific Publishing

Background:

  • Generative artificial intelligence (GAI) integration into scientific research and academic writing is controversial.
  • Current standards for GAI use in academic medicine are undefined.
  • Ophthalmology journals are establishing author guidelines for GAI use.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively analyze author guidance on GAI use in ophthalmology scientific journals.
  • To identify consensus and variations in GAI policies across leading ophthalmology publications.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional bibliometric analysis of 140 ophthalmology journals.
  • Systematic website screening for GAI guidelines.
  • Data collection on journal policies regarding GAI authorship, responsibility, disclosure, writing, and image generation.

Main Results:

  • 69% of journals (96/140) provide explicit GAI guidelines.
  • Near-universal agreement on prohibiting GAI authorship (98%) and requiring human author responsibility (98%) and disclosure (100%).
  • Policies on GAI-generated images vary, with 66% of journals having guidelines, permitting use in 68% of those cases.

Conclusions:

  • Significant ethical consensus exists among ophthalmology journals on core GAI usage principles.
  • Variations in permissible use and disclosure practices necessitate standardized guidelines.
  • Upholding academic ethics and integrity is crucial for researchers utilizing GAI.