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Related Concept Videos

Structure and Function of Platelets01:18

Structure and Function of Platelets

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The cell fragments known as platelets are disc-shaped, with an average diameter of about 3 μm and a thickness of roughly 1 μm. They play a crucial role in the body's vascular clotting system, which also involves plasma proteins, blood cells, and blood vessel tissues.
Platelets are continually replenished, circulating in the bloodstream for 9-12 days before being removed by phagocytes, primarily in the spleen. A microliter of circulating blood contains between 150,000 and 450,000...
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Formation of the Platelet Plug01:22

Formation of the Platelet Plug

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The platelet phase, the second stage of hemostasis, commences around 15-20 seconds after an injury. It follows and overlaps with the vascular phase, during which blood vessels constrict to minimize blood loss.
As the injured blood vessel contracts, endothelial cells undergo contraction, revealing collagen fibers in the basement membrane and underlying connective tissue. Furthermore, the plasma membrane of endothelial cells becomes adhesive, preparing the site for platelet adhesion. Platelets...
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Metastasis02:30

Metastasis

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Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
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Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

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Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
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Mitogens and the Cell Cycle02:38

Mitogens and the Cell Cycle

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Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
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Cancer02:18

Cancer

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Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2025

Megakaryocyte Differentiation and Platelet Formation from Human Cord Blood-derived CD34+ Cells
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Megakaryocyte Differentiation and Platelet Formation from Human Cord Blood-derived CD34+ Cells

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Platelets and megakaryocytes in cancer.

Emma C Josefsson1

  • 1Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, The University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis : JTH
|January 1, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Platelets and megakaryocytes are key players in cancer metastasis and inflammation. Research explores their dual role in cancer progression and suppression, including potential therapeutic applications.

Keywords:
blood plateletsdrug delivery systemsimmunotherapymegakaryocytesneoplasms

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Platelets are crucial for hemostasis but also implicated in cancer metastasis and inflammation.
  • Megakaryocytes, platelet precursors, are primarily found in bone marrow.
  • Elevated platelet counts and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio are investigated as cancer biomarkers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the multifaceted roles of platelets and megakaryocytes in cancer progression and metastasis.
  • To discuss potential cancer-suppressing functions of platelets, particularly in regulating vascular integrity.
  • To examine the involvement of platelets in cancer immune checkpoint therapy and drug delivery systems.

Main Methods:

  • Review of experimental models, primarily murine, detailing platelet-mediated metastasis.
  • Exploration of emerging research on megakaryocyte roles in solid cancers, myeloma, and lymphoma.
  • Analysis of recent advancements in cancer immune checkpoint therapy and platelet-based drug delivery.

Main Results:

  • Platelets and megakaryocytes contribute to cancer progression and metastasis through various mechanisms.
  • Platelets may also exert cancer-suppressing effects by regulating intratumoral vascular integrity.
  • Platelets show potential in targeted drug delivery systems and in modulating cancer immune responses.

Conclusions:

  • Platelets and megakaryocytes have complex, often opposing, roles in cancer biology.
  • Further research into platelet functions could yield novel biomarkers and therapeutic strategies for cancer.
  • The interplay between platelets, megakaryocytes, and cancer warrants continued investigation for clinical applications.