Ovarian function measures in normogonadotropic anovulation and subclinical thyroid dysfunction: a prospective cohort...

Area of Science:

• Reproductive Endocrinology
• Thyroidology
• Infertility Research

Background:

• Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and thyroid autoimmunity (TAI) are common endocrine conditions.
• Their impact on ovarian function in women with normogonadotropic anovulation, particularly those with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian dysfunction (HPOD), requires clarification.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare ovarian function markers in euthyroid women with normogonadotropic anovulation experiencing SCH or TAI versus those without thyroid dysfunction.
• To investigate potential differences within PCOS and HPOD study arms.

Main Methods:

• A prospective cohort study evaluated anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), FSH, LH, estradiol, testosterone, ovarian volume, and polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM).
• Participants were categorized into PCOS and HPOD groups, with subgroups based on SCH and TAI status.

Main Results:

• No significant differences in ovarian function parameters were found between women with and without SCH or TAI overall.
• Specific correlations were noted: TGAb with FSH and testosterone in PCOS, and TPOAb with FSH in HPOD.
• Phenotype D PCOS with SCH showed increased left ovarian volume and lesions; Phenotype A PCOS without TAI had higher LH.

Conclusions:

• Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) demonstrated no clinically significant impact on ovarian function measures.
• Thyroid autoimmunity (TAI) showed correlations with FSH, but clinical significance remains uncertain.
• Evidence supporting thyroxine supplementation for menstrual irregularities or obstetric outcomes in these conditions is currently lacking.