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The joint memory effect: challenging the selfish stigma in Huntington's disease?

Romain Dalléry^1,2,3,4, Nicolas Fraisse^1,2,3,4, Laurent Cléret de Langavant^1,2,3,4

¹Département d'Etudes Cognitives, École normale supérieure, PSL University, 75005 Paris, France.

Brain Communications

|January 2, 2025

Summary

Individuals with Huntington's disease (HD) can pay attention to others, showing improved memory for socially relevant information. This challenges the belief that HD patients are inherently selfish, suggesting social difficulties stem from other factors.

Keywords:

Huntington’s disease joint memory effect passive cooperation social cognition

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Social Psychology
Genetics

Background:

Huntington's disease (HD) is often associated with the belief of selfish behavior and disregard for others.
Patient advocacy groups and clinical experts question this prevalent notion.
Investigating social cognition in early-stage HD is crucial to understand their social interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate whether individuals with Huntington's disease (HD) can attend to others.
To examine social cognition and memory in early-stage HD patients during a joint memory task.
To challenge the assumption of inherent selfishness in HD.

Main Methods:

A joint memory task was conducted with 69 early-stage HD patients and 56 healthy controls.
Participants completed a semantic categorization task alone or with a partner (examiner).
A surprise free recall task assessed memory for assigned, partner's assigned, and unassigned (socially irrelevant) words.

Main Results:

Both groups exhibited self-prioritization, recalling their assigned words better than others'.
A joint memory effect was observed: socially relevant words (assigned to self or partner) were recalled better than irrelevant words.
Recall performance correlated with cognitive function; the joint memory effect correlated with right orbitofrontal grey matter density in HD patients.

Conclusions:

Findings challenge the notion that HD patients are inherently selfish or disinterested in others.
Individuals with HD demonstrate the capacity to process information about their partners.
Social difficulties in HD may stem from factors beyond social cognition deficits, warranting further ecological assessments.