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Cardiac deceleration capacity and acceleration capacity have diagnostic value in patients with vasovagal syncope

Jijing Wang1, Jinyi Xu1, Yanyan Qiu1

  • 1Department of Cardiopulmonary Function, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital (Henan Provincial People's Hospital), Zhengzhou, Henan, China.

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
|January 2, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Deceleration capacity (DC) and acceleration capacity (AC) indicate autonomic regulation. This study found higher DC and lower AC in vasovagal syncope (VVS) patients, suggesting their diagnostic value for VVS.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Autonomic Nervous System Function

Background:

  • Deceleration capacity (DC) and acceleration capacity (AC) are key metrics for assessing autonomic regulation.
  • Vasovagal syncope (VVS) is a common condition affecting autonomic control.
  • Understanding autonomic dysfunction in VVS is crucial for diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate autonomic nervous system function in patients diagnosed with VVS.
  • To determine the diagnostic utility of DC and AC in identifying VVS.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 94 VVS patients and 76 healthy controls.
  • Collected 24-hour ECG, echocardiogram, and biochemical data.
  • Compared DC, AC, and heart rate variability (HRV) between groups.

Main Results:

  • VVS patients showed significantly higher DC (9.3±2.1 ms vs. 7.4±1.4 ms) and lower AC (-9.3±2.1 ms vs. -7.3±1.3 ms) compared to controls.
  • Both DC and AC were independently associated with syncope (OR=1.746, P<.001 for DC; OR=0.553, P<.001 for AC).
  • ROC analysis indicated AUCs of 0.755 for DC and 0.765 for AC in predicting syncope.

Conclusions:

  • Patients with VVS exhibit distinct alterations in autonomic function, characterized by increased DC and decreased AC.
  • DC and AC serve as independent predictors of syncope.
  • Specific thresholds (DC >9.0 ms, AC < -9.0 ms) may aid in monitoring cardiac autonomic dysfunction in VVS.
Abstract

Keywords:
acceleration capacityautonomic nervous functiondeceleration capacitysyncopevasovagal syncope

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