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Related Concept Videos

Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology01:14

Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology

47
Spinal cord injury progresses through two interconnected phases: primary injury and secondary injury.Primary InjuryPrimary injury happens at the moment of trauma and involves immediate mechanical damage to the spinal cord.Compression happens when broken vertebrae, herniated discs, or accumulating blood (such as a hematoma) press directly against the spinal cord, distorting its normal shape and function. In cases of contusion, the cord is bruised by a blunt force (like penetrating injuries or...
47
Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology01:25

Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology

72
Early Ischemia and Ionic ImbalanceWithin minutes of spinal cord injury, a secondary cascade begins, progressing over hours to weeks. Vascular damage reduces blood flow, causing ischemia and mitochondrial dysfunction. ATP depletion leads to ion pump failure, membrane depolarization, sodium influx, potassium efflux, and water accumulation, resulting in cellular swelling. Increased intracellular calcium further disrupts mitochondria and accelerates cellular injury.Excitotoxicity and Neuronal...
72

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

Investigating Functional Regeneration in Organotypic Spinal Cord Co-cultures Grown on Multi-electrode Arrays
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Brain Network Alterations in Chronic Spinal Cord Injury: Multilayer Community Detection Approach.

Farzad V Farahani1, Lukman E Ismaila2,3, Cristina L Sadowsky4,5

  • 1Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Neurotrauma Reports
|January 2, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) alters brain connectivity, causing reduced communication between brain networks. This study reveals significant changes in the sensorimotor network, impacting neurological recovery and function.

Keywords:
cortical reorganizationfunctional connectivitygraph theorymesoscalers-fMRIspinal cord injury

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Neurological recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI) involves complex processes like neuroplasticity and cortical reorganization.
  • Cortical reorganization, a key factor in recovery, can be assessed using network analysis of functional connectivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cortical reorganization patterns in individuals with chronic SCI.
  • To analyze alterations in brain network structures and interregional functional connectivity using resting-state fMRI.

Main Methods:

  • Employed a multilayer community detection approach on resting-state functional MRI data.
  • Examined 38 participants with chronic cervical or thoracic SCI and 32 healthy controls.
  • Utilized network (graph) analysis to evaluate interregional functional connectivity.

Main Results:

  • Observed significant alterations in brain community structures within the SCI cohort, especially in the sensorimotor network (SMN).
  • Found a pattern of segregation within the SMN, corresponding to body representation borders.
  • Demonstrated reduced recruitment and integration coefficients across brain networks in SCI patients, indicating impaired internetwork communication.

Conclusions:

  • Spinal cord injury significantly impacts brain connectivity and network organization.
  • Impaired internetwork communication may contribute to sensory and motor deficits following SCI.
  • Findings suggest potential compensatory mechanisms in the brain following SCI.