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Related Concept Videos

Long-term Potentiation01:35

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
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The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the cerebellum's...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

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Poststroke Ipsilesional Motor Performance: Microstructural Biomarkers and Their Associations With Executive Function.

Youngkook Kim1, So Yeon Jun2, Jeehae Oh3

  • 1Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair
|January 2, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Stroke recovery is linked to brain pathways and executive functions. White matter integrity in areas like the corpus callosum and cingulum, along with cognitive tests, significantly impacts motor performance after stroke.

Keywords:
biomarkerdiffusion tensor imagingexecutive functionipsilesional motor functionmotorrehabilitationstroke

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

  • Unilateral hemispheric stroke frequently impairs ipsilesional motor performance, impacting functional recovery.
  • The specific brain structures responsible for this motor deficit remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between ipsilesional motor performance and the microstructural integrity of neural pathways post-stroke.
  • To identify specific white matter tracts and cognitive functions associated with motor impairment.

Main Methods:

  • Sixty patients in the early subacute stroke recovery phase were assessed.
  • Ipsilesional motor performance was measured using the Box and Block Test.
  • Multiple linear regression analyzed associations between motor performance, white matter integrity (Biomarker models), and cognitive function (Cognition models).

Main Results:

  • Biomarker models identified significant associations between motor performance and white matter tracts including the genu of the corpus callosum, cingulum, fornix, uncinate fasciculus, superior longitudinal fasciculus, and contralesional inferior longitudinal fasciculus.
  • Cognition models showed Mini-Mental State Examination and Trail Making Test-B scores were significantly linked to ipsilesional motor performance.
  • Combined models indicated Trail Making Test-B performance time and specific biomarkers (genu of corpus callosum, ipsilesional superior longitudinal fasciculus, ipsilesional cingulum) strongly predicted motor performance (adjusted R² up to .721).

Conclusions:

  • Executive function, assessed through cognitive tests and reflected in white matter integrity, is significantly associated with post-stroke ipsilesional motor performance.
  • These findings suggest cognitive functioning plays a comprehensive role, potentially more so than the motor system alone, in determining ipsilesional motor outcomes after stroke.