Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:17

Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

3.2K
Ziegler–Natta polymerization is another form of addition or chain‐growth polymerization used for synthesizing linear polymers over branched polymers. The catalyst used for polymerization is the Ziegler–Natta catalyst, named after Karl Ziegler and Giulio Natta, who developed it in 1953. This catalyst is an organometallic complex of titanium tetrachloride and triethyl aluminum, with the active form of the catalyst being an alkyl titanium compound. Using the Ziegler–Natta...
3.2K
π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Aromatic and Antiaromatic Compounds01:14

π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Aromatic and Antiaromatic Compounds

1.2K
In aromatic compounds, such as benzene, the circulation of (4n + 2) π-electrons sets up a diamagnetic or diatropic ring current around the perimeter of the molecule. This current induces a magnetic field that opposes the external field inside the ring and reinforces it on the outside. The protons in benzene are deshielded and exhibit high chemical shifts in the range 6.5–8.5 ppm. The shielding effect at the center of the ring is evident in complex aromatic molecules, such as...
1.2K
Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview01:18

Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview

2.7K
Cycloheptatriene is a neutral monocyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon that consists of an odd number of carbon atoms and an intervening sp3 carbon in the ring. The three double bonds in the ring correspond to 6 π electrons, which is a Huckel number, and therefore satisfies the criteria of 4n + 2 π electrons. However, the intervening sp3 carbon disrupts the continuous overlap of p orbitals. As a result, cycloheptatriene is not aromatic.
Removing one hydrogen from the intervening CH2 group...
2.7K
Criteria for Aromaticity and the Hückel 4n + 2 Rule01:20

Criteria for Aromaticity and the Hückel 4n + 2 Rule

10.1K
Like benzene, cyclobutadiene and cyclooctatetraene are cyclic compounds with alternate single and double bonds. However, their chemical behavior differs from benzene, as they are unstable and not aromatic. So, what are the structural characteristics of unsaturated compounds categorized as aromatic?  
For the first time, Eric Hückel, a German chemical physicist, derived a set of structural features for a compound to be classified as aromatic. This is now known as...
10.1K
Chair Conformation of Cyclohexane02:02

Chair Conformation of Cyclohexane

14.3K
The chair conformation is the most stable form of cyclohexane due to the absence of angle and torsional strain. The absence of angle strain is a result of cyclohexane’s bond angle being very close to the ideal tetrahedral bond angle of 109.5° in its chair conformer. Similarly, the torsional strain is also absent owing to the perfectly staggered arrangement of bonds.
The hydrogen atoms linked to carbons are arranged in two different axial and equatorial orientations to achieve this...
14.3K
Aromatic Hydrocarbon Anions: Structural Overview01:18

Aromatic Hydrocarbon Anions: Structural Overview

2.6K
Neutral hydrocarbons like cyclopentadiene with an odd number of carbon atoms and one intervening CH2 group in the ring are not aromatic. Cyclopentadiene with 4 π electrons does not satisfy the 4n + 2 π electron rule. Additionally, the intervening CH2 group is sp3 hybridized and lacks a vacant p orbital, thereby interrupting the overlap of p orbitals in a continuous manner and preventing the delocalization of π electrons throughout the ring.
Due to the absence of continuous...
2.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Active Pocket Engineering of d-Tagatose 4-Epimerase for Improved Catalytic Performance and Efficient Cascade Synthesis of d-Tagatose from d-Glucose.

Journal of agricultural and food chemistry·2026
Same author

Fast reconstruction of scalar and vector polymorphic beams through strong scattering media.

Optics express·2026
Same author

Physical exercise mitigates amyloid beta-driven muscle degeneration in Alzheimer's disease.

Journal of advanced research·2026
Same author

Chiral Cages With Asymmetric π-Clefts Enable Catalytic Enantioconvergent S<sub>N</sub>1 Transformation via Synergistic Cation-π and Anion-π Interactions.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same author

Determination of Polymorph A-Enrichment and Absolute Structure of Chiral Zeolite Beta Through Electron Crystallography.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same author

[Research progress on pathological mechanism of anxiety induced by chronic heart failure and TCM treatment strategies from perspective of heart-Yin deficiency theory].

Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2025

Probe Type II Band Alignment in One-Dimensional Van Der Waals Heterostructures Using First-Principles Calculations
13:56

Probe Type II Band Alignment in One-Dimensional Van Der Waals Heterostructures Using First-Principles Calculations

Published on: October 12, 2019

7.6K

N-Doped Zigzag-Type Aromatic Truncated Cone Belts.

Jia-Hui Chen1, Teng-Yu Huang1, Shuo Tong1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|January 2, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Researchers synthesized novel nitrogen-doped zigzag aromatic belts, belt[n]pyrrole[n]pyridines, exhibiting unique properties. Belt[8]pyrrole[8]pyridine effectively hosts fullerenes, advancing materials and supramolecular chemistry.

More Related Videos

Synthesis of Hierarchical ZnO/CdSSe Heterostructure Nanotrees
06:50

Synthesis of Hierarchical ZnO/CdSSe Heterostructure Nanotrees

Published on: November 29, 2016

10.0K
Fabrication and Operation of a Nano-Optical Conveyor Belt
11:10

Fabrication and Operation of a Nano-Optical Conveyor Belt

Published on: August 26, 2015

11.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 4, 2025

Probe Type II Band Alignment in One-Dimensional Van Der Waals Heterostructures Using First-Principles Calculations
13:56

Probe Type II Band Alignment in One-Dimensional Van Der Waals Heterostructures Using First-Principles Calculations

Published on: October 12, 2019

7.6K
Synthesis of Hierarchical ZnO/CdSSe Heterostructure Nanotrees
06:50

Synthesis of Hierarchical ZnO/CdSSe Heterostructure Nanotrees

Published on: November 29, 2016

10.0K
Fabrication and Operation of a Nano-Optical Conveyor Belt
11:10

Fabrication and Operation of a Nano-Optical Conveyor Belt

Published on: August 26, 2015

11.5K

Area of Science:

  • Organic Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Supramolecular Chemistry

Background:

  • Zigzag aromatic hydrocarbon belts, segments of carbon nanotubes, have long intrigued chemists.
  • Introducing heteroatoms creates novel heterocyclic aromatic nanobelts with unique properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize unprecedented N-doped zigzag-type aromatic belts.
  • To investigate their photophysical and electrochemical properties.
  • To explore their potential as hosts in supramolecular chemistry.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of belt[n]pyrrole[n]pyridines (n=6-8) via intramolecular Caryl-Caryl homocoupling reactions.
  • Utilizing readily available azacalix[n](3,5-dibromopyridine)s as precursors.
  • Characterization of the synthesized nanobelts and their host-guest complexes.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of N-doped zigzag aromatic belts, belt[n]pyrrole[n]pyridines.
  • These nanobelts exhibit globally π-conjugated structures.
  • Belt[8]pyrrole[8]pyridine forms stable 2:1 encapsulation complexes with fullerenes.

Conclusions:

  • This work introduces a new method for synthesizing tailored aromatic belts.
  • The synthesized N-doped belts possess unique photophysical and electrochemical properties.
  • Their application as hosts for fullerenes opens avenues in supramolecular chemistry and materials science.