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Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay01:33

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

In 1971, Peter Perlman and Eva Engvall developed an Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA or EIA). ELISA differs from western blot in that the assays are conducted in microtiter plates or in vivo rather than on an absorbent membrane.
There are many different types of ELISAs, but they all involve an antibody molecule whose constant region binds an enzyme, leaving the variable region free to bind its specific antigen.  Enzyme-substrate reaction allows the antigen to be visualized or quantified.

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Lateral flow analysis test strips based on aggregation-induced emission technique: Principle, design, and

Shan Liu1, Yongqi Li2, Yunchao Yang3

  • 1Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Department of Medical Genetics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.

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Summary

Aggregation-induced luminescence (AIE) materials significantly boost the sensitivity and specificity of lateral flow assays (LFA). This advancement enables more accurate detection of low-concentration biomarkers for diagnostics and safety monitoring.

Keywords:
Aggregate-induced emissionApplicationsLateral flow analysisMedical diagnostics

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Lateral flow assays (LFA) are cost-effective, paper-based platforms for rapid analyte detection.
  • Traditional LFA signal labels lack sensitivity for detecting low-concentration biomarkers.
  • Aggregation-induced luminescence (AIE) materials offer enhanced signal reporting capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the integration of AIE materials into LFA technology.
  • To enhance the sensitivity and specificity of LFA applications.
  • To explore AIE-LFA for diagnostics, food safety, and environmental monitoring.

Main Methods:

  • Overview of AIE and LFA operational principles.
  • Discussion on AIE material selection and platform design.
  • Review of recent research and applications of AIE-LFA.

Main Results:

  • AIE materials provide high quantum yields, photostability, and signal-to-noise ratio.
  • AIE-LFA demonstrates potential for detecting viral pathogens, contaminants, and residues.
  • Successful integration leads to rapid, accurate, and cost-effective diagnostics.

Conclusions:

  • AIE materials significantly improve LFA performance.
  • AIE-LFA holds promise for diverse applications in diagnostics and safety.
  • Further research is needed for large-scale synthesis and multiplexed assays.