Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2025

A Behavioral Screen for Heat-Induced Seizures in Mouse Models of Epilepsy
06:58

A Behavioral Screen for Heat-Induced Seizures in Mouse Models of Epilepsy

Published on: July 12, 2021

4.8K

Research progress on pathogenesis and treatment of febrile seizures

Chang Wu1, Qingmei Wang2, Wenmi Li2

  • 1The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; Research Institute of Chinese Medical Clinical Foundation and Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science & Wenzhou TCM Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, China.

Life Sciences
|January 2, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Febrile seizures (FSs) are common in children, with complex cases risking brain injury. Understanding FS pathogenesis involves fever, neuroinflammation, genetics, and gut microbiota for better treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Febrile seizures (FSs) are the most common pediatric neurological disorder, affecting 5% of children aged 6 months to 5 years.
  • While most FSs are benign, 20-30% are complex (CFSs), increasing risks of brain injury and temporal lobe epilepsy.
  • Infection triggers FSs, influenced by age and geography, with intrinsic factors linked to immature brain myelination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathogenesis of febrile seizures.
  • To focus on factors including age, fever, neuroinflammation, genetics, and intestinal microbiota.
  • To summarize current therapeutic approaches for FSs.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of febrile seizure pathogenesis.
  • Analysis of influencing factors: age, fever, neuroinflammation, genetics, and intestinal microbiota.
  • Summary of existing therapeutic strategies.

Main Results:

  • FS pathogenesis is multifactorial, involving immature brain development, fever, neuroinflammation, and genetic susceptibility.
  • Age, fever, neuroinflammation, genetics, and intestinal microbiota are key factors influencing FS occurrence.
  • Current therapeutic approaches for FSs were summarized.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding FS pathogenesis requires considering the interplay of immature brain development, fever, neuroinflammation, genetics, and intestinal microbiota.
  • This review may help identify new targets for mechanistic studies and clinical treatment of FSs.
  • Further research into these factors can lead to improved management of febrile seizures.

Keywords:
Febrile seizuresGut microbiomeIon channelsNeuroinflammationPathogenesis

More Related Videos

Electrophoretic Delivery of γ-aminobutyric Acid GABA into Epileptic Focus Prevents Seizures in Mice07:01

Electrophoretic Delivery of γ-aminobutyric Acid GABA into Epileptic Focus Prevents Seizures in Mice

Published on: May 16, 2019

9.0K
Generation and On-Demand Initiation of Acute Ictal Activity in Rodent and Human Tissue06:45

Generation and On-Demand Initiation of Acute Ictal Activity in Rodent and Human Tissue

Published on: January 19, 2019

8.9K

Related Concept Videos

Methods of reducing fever01:22

Methods of reducing fever

The signs and symptoms of fever include hot and dry skin, flushed face, thirst, muscle aches, anorexia, headache, tachycardia, tachypnea, and fatigue. Elevated body temperature is reduced using two methods: pharmacological and nonpharmacological. Proper identification and treatment of the root cause of a fever is of utmost importance.
Pharmacological Methods of Reducing Fever:
642
Increased Body Temperature01:25

Increased Body Temperature

A body temperature above  38°C  (100.4 °F) is known as fever or pyrexia, and a person with fever is termed 'febrile.' Typically, the hypothalamus, a part of the brain that acts as the body's thermostat, regulates body temperature through a thermoregulatory setpoint. It receives signals from cold and warm thermal receptors throughout the body and adjusts the body's temperature accordingly. Fever occurs when this hypothalamic setpoint is altered, usually in...
639
Arteries of the Lower Limbs01:24

Arteries of the Lower Limbs

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
177
Patterns of Fever01:26

Patterns of Fever

Before understanding the types and patterns of fever, it is essential to know its phases.
2.4K
Types of Fever01:25

Types of Fever

Fever can be triggered by several factors, including infections, nervous system disorders, certain cancers, blood diseases like leukemia, embolism, thrombosis, heatstroke, dehydration, surgical trauma, crushing injuries, and allergic reactions.
Here are the different types of fever:
348
Seizures: Classification01:13

Seizures: Classification

Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
300