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Visualization of Gut Microbiota-host Interactions via Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization, Lectin Staining, and Imaging

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Assessing microbiota in vivo: debugging with medical imaging.

Donna E Goldhawk¹, Kait F Al², Sarah C Donnelly³

¹Imaging, Lawson Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Collaborative Graduate Program in Molecular Imaging, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.

Trends in Microbiology

|January 2, 2025

Summary

In vivo molecular imaging offers a powerful new way to study the human microbiota in real-time. This approach allows researchers to track microbes and understand their role in health and disease.

Keywords:

dysbiosis engraftment magnetic resonance imaging microbiome microbiota positron emission tomography

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Area of Science:

Microbiology
Medical Imaging
Systems Biology

Background:

The human microbiota plays a crucial role in health and disease.
Current characterization relies heavily on ex vivo 'omic' methods, limiting real-time functional insights.
Understanding in vivo microbiota dynamics is essential for advancing medical research.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight the necessity of in vivo molecular imaging for studying the microbiota.
To explore the capabilities of advanced imaging technologies in microbiological research.
To emphasize the potential of molecular imaging for understanding host-microbe interactions.

Main Methods:

Utilizing noninvasive molecular imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography (PET), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and computed tomography (CT).
Applying these technologies for longitudinal tracking of microbial components in real time.
Integrating imaging data with host physiological monitoring.

Main Results:

Noninvasive imaging enables real-time, longitudinal tracking of microbes and their components.
Molecular imaging facilitates mapping of microbiota biodistribution, persistence, and migration.
Simultaneous monitoring of host physiological responses alongside microbial activity is achievable.

Conclusions:

In vivo molecular imaging provides unprecedented insights into real-time microbiota function.
This interdisciplinary approach is key for advancing the understanding of host-microbe interactions.
Molecular imaging holds significant potential for clinical translation in diagnosing and treating microbiome-related diseases.