Verifiable measurement-based quantum random sampling with trapped ions

Area of Science:

• Quantum Information Science
• Experimental Quantum Computing
• Quantum Computation Verification

Background:

• Quantum computers are nearing classical performance limits.
• Verifying quantum random sampling is crucial for demonstrating quantum advantage.
• Current verification methods are not scalable to the quantum advantage regime.

Purpose of the Study:

• To experimentally demonstrate efficiently verifiable quantum random sampling.
• To address the outstanding challenge of verifying quantum computation.
• To provide a feasible path toward a verified demonstration of quantum advantage.

Main Methods:

• Utilized the measurement-based model of quantum computation.
• Employed a trapped-ion quantum processor.
• Created and sampled from random cluster states up to 4x4 qubits.
• Recycled qubits to sample from larger entangled cluster states.

Main Results:

• Successfully demonstrated efficiently verifiable quantum random sampling.
• Efficiently estimated fidelity to verify prepared states.
• Compared results to cross-entropy benchmarking.
• Studied the impact of experimental noise on verification certificates.

Conclusions:

• The developed techniques offer a practical approach for verifying quantum advantage.
• This work advances the field of experimental quantum computation and verification.
• Overcomes limitations of existing verification tools for quantum random sampling.