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Cadherins in Tissue Organization01:19

Cadherins in Tissue Organization

The cadherins are a superfamily of cell adhesion molecules comprising over 180 variants, with specific tissues expressing a particular combination of cadherin types. Cadherins generally exhibit homophilic binding; i.e., cadherins on one cell bind to cadherins of the same or closely related type on another cell. Thus, cells of the same type have a specific affinity to bind to each other and sort themselves into clusters to form tissues.
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Nectin-4 Expression in Prostatic Adenocarcinoma: An Immunohistochemical Study.

Ezra G Baraban1, Evangelia Vlachou2, Sunil Patel3

  • 1Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

The Prostate
|January 3, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Nectin-4 protein is commonly found in both benign prostate tissue and prostate cancer, suggesting potential for enfortumab vedotin (EV) therapy in prostate cancer patients.

Keywords:
Nectin‐4enfortumab vedotinimmunohistochemistryprostate cancerurothelial cancer

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Urothelial Carcinoma Research
  • Prostate Cancer Research

Background:

  • Enfortumab vedotin (EV), a Nectin-4 targeted antibody drug conjugate, is a frontline therapy for urothelial carcinoma (UC).
  • Nectin-4 is widely expressed in UC, driving its use in this cancer.
  • Limited data exists on Nectin-4 expression in prostate cancer, despite many UC patients having concomitant prostate cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate Nectin-4 protein expression in prostate cancer using immunohistochemistry.
  • To determine if Nectin-4 expression levels differ across prostate cancer grades.
  • To assess the potential for Nectin-4 targeted therapies in prostate cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate Nectin-4 expression in 302 prostatic adenocarcinomas (Grade Groups 1-5).
  • Expression intensity was scored (1-3), and H-scores were calculated (percentage of cells x intensity).
  • Nectin-4 expression in benign prostate tissue was also assessed for comparison.

Main Results:

  • Nectin-4 was frequently expressed in benign prostate tissue (86%) and prostatic adenocarcinoma (91%).
  • Mean Nectin-4 H-score was significantly higher in adenocarcinoma (90) than benign tissue (40) (p < 0.001).
  • No significant differences in Nectin-4 expression were observed across prostate cancer Grade Groups 1-5.

Conclusions:

  • Nectin-4 protein is commonly expressed in both benign prostate tissue and prostate adenocarcinoma.
  • These findings support further investigation into enfortumab vedotin (EV) efficacy for prostate cancer.
  • Nectin-4 expression provides a rationale for exploring EV in prostate cancer patients.