Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Different Connector Designs for All-Ceramic Implant-Supported Fixed...

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Dental Engineering
• Finite Element Analysis

Background:

• All-ceramic fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) are susceptible to fracture at connector regions due to stress concentration.
• The design of these connector regions, particularly the gingival embrasure, influences stress distribution and prosthesis longevity.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the influence of varying gingival embrasure radii on stress distribution in three-unit, all-ceramic, implant-supported FDPs.
• To determine optimal connector designs for enhancing the mechanical performance of ceramic dental restorations.

Main Methods:

• Three-dimensional (3D) models of implant-supported FDPs were created using micro-CT scanning.
• The radius of curvature of the gingival embrasure was modified to 0.25 mm, 0.50 mm, and 0.75 mm.
• Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was employed using ABAQUS software to simulate stress distribution under load.

Main Results:

• The radius of curvature significantly affected stress distribution across FDP components (veneer, framework, abutments).
• The smallest radius (0.25 mm) resulted in the highest peak tensile stresses.
• Larger radii (0.50 mm and 0.75 mm) exhibited more uniform stress distribution and lower peak stresses.

Conclusions:

• Gingival embrasure geometry is a critical factor in the mechanical integrity of all-ceramic FDPs.
• Optimizing embrasure curvature can mitigate stress concentrations, potentially reducing fracture risk and improving the longevity of implant-supported ceramic restorations.