Mental Health Problems of Self-Employed Workers: A Systematic Review of Potential Moderators
Purpose:
This systematic review aims to summarize the mental health outcomes of self-employment and identify potential moderators between self-employment and mental health issues, ultimately guiding future research and informing targeted suggestions for future practice.
Method:
The initial search identified 3412 publications, including 43 that met the inclusion criteria. We identified 20 potential moderators in total.
Results:
According to the summary results based on the diathesis-stress model, gender, financial precarity, and social security were identified as the most frequent potential moderators in each domain.
Discussion:
The systematic review highlights the complex relationship between self-employment and mental health, revealing that self-employment often correlates with negative mental health outcomes such as stress and depression. Future practice should prioritize financial stability strategies, gender-specific support initiatives, work-life balance improvements, and expanded social security protections for self-employed workers.
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