Demographic and Clinical Factors Associated With Functional Changes in Long-Covid

Many people experience symptoms months or years after COVID-19 infection. The impact of these symptoms on daily functioning and factors associated with functional decline are not well understood. This study aimed to describe functional changes among persons with long-Covid and explore associated sociodemographic and clinical factors. A total of 2764 adults who tested positive for COVID-19 were recruited at ≥12 wks after diagnosis. Participants responded to an electronic survey ( Newcastle Post-COVID Syndrome Questionnaire (symptoms); COVID-19 Yorkshire Rehabilitation Screen (activities; perceived global health, mobility, personal care, daily activities). A total of 37.8% were classified as having long-Covid based on the positive response to " Are you still troubled by symptoms?" The majority reported a decline in global health, mobility, and participation in daily activities. Common changes in function included fatigue, breathlessness upon climbing stairs and when dressing, decline in participation in usual activities, anxiety, pain/discomfort, and reduced concentration. Having COVID-19 ≥ 1 yr prior was associated with change in perceived global health (odds ratio = 1.5). Being infected ≥12 mos prior (odds ratio = 1.5), hospitalized for COVID-19 (odds ratio = 2.2-2.4), ≥1 chronic comorbid conditions (odds ratio = 1.6), and obesity (odds ratio = 1.6) were associated with functional decline. Many of those infected with COVID-19 experience long-lasting symptoms impacting daily functioning. Multidisciplinary medical and rehabilitation services are needed to help improve recovery and maximize functioning.