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In eukaryotic DNA replication, a single-stranded DNA fragment remains at the end of a chromosome after the removal of the final primer. This section of DNA cannot be replicated in the same manner as the rest of the strand because there is no 3’ end to which the newly synthesized DNA can attach. This non-replicated fragment results in gradual loss of the chromosomal DNA during each cell duplication. Additionally, it can induce a DNA damage response by enzymes that recognize single-stranded...
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In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
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Updated: Jun 4, 2025

Telomere Length and Telomerase Activity; A Yin and Yang of Cell Senescence
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Fatty acids and telomere length.

Marta Crous-Bou1,2, Iolanda Lázaro3,4, Núria Nadal-Zaragoza1

  • 1Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (ICO-IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care
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PubMed
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Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) show promise in maintaining telomere length, a marker of aging. Research suggests these dietary fats, particularly n-3 PUFAs, may offer protective benefits.

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Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Biochemistry
  • Gerontology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Telomere length is a critical biomarker for cellular aging.
  • Dietary fatty acids play a role in various physiological processes, including aging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current clinical and preclinical evidence linking fatty acid exposure to telomere length.
  • To assess the impact of different fatty acids on aging markers.

Main Methods:

  • Narrative review of existing literature.
  • Analysis of observational studies, preclinical research, and Mendelian randomization studies.
  • Inclusion of lipidomics data for biomarker analysis.

Main Results:

  • n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are consistently associated with longer telomeres in observational and preclinical studies.
  • Inconsistent findings for linoleic acid; inverse association for the n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio.
  • Monounsaturated fatty acids and PUFAs show positive effects, while saturated fatty acids show negative effects on telomere length.

Conclusions:

  • n-3 PUFAs demonstrate potential benefits for maintaining telomere length, supporting their role in healthy aging.
  • Focusing on the n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio is not recommended due to functional differences within fatty acid families.