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Selective outcome reporting concerning antibiotics and third molar surgery.

Thalita Guarda Fagoni1, Vanessa Cristina Rafalovich1, Mariana Aparecida Brozoski1

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PubMed
Summary

Selective outcome reporting (SOR) in antibiotic trials for third molar surgery is prevalent, potentially biasing results and affecting clinical decisions. Greater transparency in research is crucial for accurate evidence interpretation.

Keywords:
Antibiotic premedicationPublication biasRandomized clinical trialsSelective reportingThird molar

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Area of Science:

  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Clinical Trial Methodology
  • Evidence-Based Dentistry

Background:

  • Selective outcome reporting (SOR) is a significant concern in clinical research.
  • Its impact on antibiotic use in third molar surgery requires thorough investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the extent and impact of SOR in clinical trials concerning antibiotic use during third molar surgeries.
  • To identify how SOR may introduce bias and affect systematic reviews and the interpretation of intervention efficacy.

Main Methods:

  • Searched major clinical trial registries (ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO ICTRP, EU CTR, Brazilian Registry) for trials on third molars and antibiotics.
  • Two researchers selected eligible trials, extracted data from protocols and publications, and analyzed discrepancies.
  • Assessed the risk of bias using Risk of Bias2 tool.

Main Results:

  • Discrepancies between registered protocols and published outcomes were found in 87.5% of studies, impacting results in 68.7%.
  • SOR significantly influenced study findings where discrepancies existed.
  • While 75% of studies assessed post-antibiotic pain, only 50% reported significant results; significant reductions in trismus or edema were reported in only 31.25% of studies.

Conclusions:

  • The high prevalence of SOR necessitates greater transparency in clinical trials for third molar surgery.
  • Adherence to best practices, including protocol registration and precise reporting, is essential for researchers.
  • Journals and reviewers must prioritize transparency to mitigate bias and enhance research quality.