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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2025

Using Synchrotron Radiation Microtomography to Investigate Multi-scale Three-dimensional Microelectronic Packages
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Multiphoton and Harmonic Imaging of Microarchitected Materials.

Brian W Blankenship1, Daisong Pan2, Eudokia Kyriakou3,4

  • 1Laser Thermal Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|January 3, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Multiphoton lithography (MPL) enables complex microstructures. Advanced imaging techniques like two-photon (2P), three-photon (3P), and third-harmonic generation (THG) microscopy provide high-fidelity 3D reconstructions for quality control.

Keywords:
additive manufacturingdefectsmicroarchitected materialsmultiphoton imagingpolymerstwo-photon polymerization

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Area of Science:

  • Microfabrication and Advanced Imaging
  • Materials Science and Engineering

Background:

  • Microadditive manufacturing produces intricate nano- to microscale components.
  • Multiphoton lithography (MPL) is a key technique for fabricating these complex structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate two-photon (2P), three-photon (3P) fluorescence imaging, and third-harmonic generation (THG) microscopy for analyzing MPL-fabricated microstructures.
  • To demonstrate the capability of these techniques for non-destructive defect detection and quality control.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of periodic microarchitected lattice structures using MPL.
  • High-fidelity 3D imaging using 2P and 3P fluorescence microscopy and THG microscopy.
  • Utilizing refractive index matching fluids to enhance imaging depth and clarity.

Main Results:

  • Achieved high-fidelity 3D reconstructions of both fluorescent and low-fluorescence microstructures.
  • Demonstrated reduced signal decay with depth for multiphoton fluorescence (MPF) imaging compared to single-photon methods.
  • Successfully identified internal modifications and compression-induced fractures non-destructively.

Conclusions:

  • MPF imaging offers superior depth penetration for microadditively manufactured components.
  • 2P, 3P, and THG microscopy are powerful tools for quality control and defect analysis in microfabrication.
  • These advanced imaging techniques are crucial for ensuring the integrity of complex microscale components.