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Constraining Light QCD Axions with Isolated Neutron Star Cooling.
Antonio Gómez-Bañón1, Kai Bartnick2, Konstantin Springmann2,3
1Departament de Física Aplicada, <a href="https://ror.org/05t8bcz72">Universitat d'Alacant</a>, 03690 Alicante, Spain.
Physical Review Letters
|January 3, 2025
Summary
Light QCD axions may create a new state of matter, reducing nucleon mass and altering neutron star cooling. Researchers used this anomalous cooling to constrain axion properties, not requiring them to be dark matter.
Area of Science:
- Nuclear Physics
- Astrophysics
- Particle Physics
Background:
- The existence of light QCD axions is theoretically proposed, with their mass dependent on a free parameter.
- These axions can potentially lead to a new ground state of matter, influencing fundamental particle properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of light QCD axions on neutron star structure and cooling.
- To constrain the parameter space of light QCD axions by analyzing neutron star cooling data.
Main Methods:
- Developed a theoretical model where axion fields modify nucleon effective mass and neutron star structure.
- Compared model predictions of neutron star cooling patterns with observational data from isolated neutron stars.
Main Results:
- The presence of an axion field significantly alters neutron star heat-blanketing envelopes, affecting cooling rates.
- Anomalous cooling behaviors observed in neutron stars provide constraints on previously unexplored regions of the axion parameter space.
Conclusions:
- Neutron star cooling provides a novel method to probe the properties of light QCD axions.
- This analysis demonstrates that light QCD axions can be studied independently of their role as dark matter candidates.
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