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Nonreciprocal Alignment Induces Asymmetric Clustering in Active Mixtures
Kim L Kreienkamp1, Sabine H L Klapp1
1<a href="https://ror.org/03v4gjf40">Institut für Theoretische Physik</a>, Hardenbergstraße 36, Technische Universität Berlin, D-10623 Berlin, Germany.
Physical Review Letters
|January 3, 2025
Summary
Nonreciprocal interactions in active matter mixtures drive asymmetrical clustering, leading to unique dynamics where clusters of one species pursue another. This reveals novel collective behaviors in out-of-equilibrium systems.
Area of Science:
- Active matter physics
- Non-equilibrium statistical mechanics
- Soft condensed matter
Background:
- Heterogeneity is common in biological and synthetic active matter systems.
- Nonreciprocal couplings in active mixtures have complex, not fully understood, consequences for collective behavior.
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate a minimal active nonreciprocal mixture with symmetric isotropic and nonreciprocal polar interactions.
- Understand the collective dynamics arising from these interactions, even without oscillatory instabilities.
Main Methods:
- Developed a hydrodynamic theory from microscopic equations.
- Employed particle-based simulations for a scale-bridging perspective.
Main Results:
- Nonreciprocal alignment alone induces asymmetrical clustering, even with symmetric parameters.
- Observed density inhomogeneities beyond typical band formation seen in Vicsek-like systems.
- Identified a state where single-species clusters chase dilute accumulations of the other species.
Conclusions:
- Nonreciprocal interactions are a key driver of complex collective behaviors in active matter.
- Asymmetrical clustering is a novel emergent phenomenon in these systems.
- The study provides a comprehensive view of dynamics in active nonreciprocal mixtures.
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