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The effect of fecal bile acids on the incidence and risk-stratification of colorectal cancer: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis

  • 0Department of Colorectal Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, 315000, China.
Scientific Reports +

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January 3, 2025

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January 3, 2025

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Higher fecal bile acid concentrations, including cholic acid (CA) and deoxycholic acid (DCA), are linked to an increased risk and incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC). This meta-analysis confirms a significant association between elevated bile acids and CRC development.

Area Of Science

  • Gastroenterology and Oncology
  • Microbiome Research
  • Metabolic Studies

Background

  • Gut microbiota play a role in bile acid metabolism, influencing colorectal cancer (CRC) development.
  • Previous studies on fecal bile acid concentrations and CRC risk have yielded inconsistent results.

Purpose Of The Study

  • To conduct a meta-analysis to clarify the association between fecal bile acid concentrations and CRC risk and incidence.
  • To consolidate findings from cross-sectional and case-control studies.

Main Methods

  • Systematic literature search of major English databases (Medline, Embase, Web of Science, AMED, CINAHL) up to January 1, 2024.
  • Inclusion of cross-sectional and case-control studies.
  • Meta-analysis performed using RevMan 5.3 to calculate standardized mean differences (SMD) and confidence intervals (CI).

Main Results

  • Elevated fecal concentrations of cholic acid (CA), chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), deoxycholic acid (DCA), and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) were significantly associated with higher CRC risk (SMD ranging from 0.33 to 0.46).
  • Combined effect size for bile acids was significantly higher in high-risk CRC groups compared to low-risk groups (SMD = 0.36 for risk, SMD = 0.39 for incidence).
  • CA and CDCA showed significantly higher effect sizes in CRC incidence meta-analysis (SMD = 0.42 and 0.61, respectively).

Conclusions

  • Higher fecal bile acid concentrations are associated with an increased risk and incidence of colorectal cancer.
  • Specific bile acids like CA, CDCA, DCA, and UDCA are implicated in CRC development.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the precise mechanisms linking bile acid metabolism and CRC.

Keywords:

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