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Deep Learning-Based Three-Dimensional Analysis Reveals Distinct Patterns of Condylar Remodelling After Orthognathic

Selene Barone¹, Lucia Cevidanes², Jonas Bianchi³

¹Department of Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.

Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research

|January 4, 2025

Summary

Virtual surgical planning and deep learning analysis showed minimal overall condylar changes after two-jaw orthognathic surgery for skeletal Class III malocclusion, with significant regional bone remodelling correlated to condylar displacement.

Keywords:

condylar morphology condylar remodelling deep learning‐based 3D analysis orthognathic surgery skeletal class III

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Digital Hybrid Model Preparation for Virtual Planning of Reconstructive Dentoalveolar Surgical Procedures

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Published on: August 5, 2021

Area of Science:

Orthodontics and Maxillofacial Surgery
Medical Imaging Analysis
Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare

Background:

Skeletal Class III malocclusion often requires orthognathic surgery for correction.
Virtual surgical planning (VSP) and advanced imaging analysis are increasingly used in complex surgical cases.
Understanding mandibular condyle morphometric changes post-surgery is crucial for long-term stability.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate morphometric changes in mandibular condyles after two-jaw orthognathic surgery.
To assess the impact of virtual surgical planning (VSP) on condylar remodelling.
To analyze surgical outcomes using automated 3D image analysis with deep learning.

Main Methods:

Retrospective analysis of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) scans from 17 skeletal Class III patients.
Automated 3D image analysis using deep learning for CBCT orientation, segmentation, and landmark identification.
Voxel-based superimposition to assess bone resorption and apposition on condylar surfaces and correlate with condylar displacement.

Main Results:

Overall condylar remodelling was minimal (<1 mm).
Statistically significant bone resorption occurred at the superior articular surface.
Bone apposition was observed at the lateral pole, correlated with medial condylar displacement (p<0.05).

Conclusions:

Automated 3D analysis reveals distinct regional condylar remodelling patterns post-orthognathic surgery in Class III patients.
Minimal overall changes mask significant regional variations in bone resorption and apposition.
Precise pre-operative planning is essential to optimize condylar positioning and minimize adverse remodelling for enhanced stability.